Antioxidant Activity
Antioxidation is one of the most important mechanisms for preventing or delaying
the onset of major degenerative diseases [2]. Active oxygen (hydroxyl, peroxy radi-
cals, and single oxygen) is highly toxic and one of the strongest causative agents of
many diseases, including cancer, heart disease, cataracts, and cognitive disorder.
Antioxidants block the oxidation processes that contribute towards these chronic
diseases and delay the onset of degenerative diseases of aging [17, 18].
The antioxidative activity of garlic powder has been evaluated to compare it with
that of horseradish and shellfish extracts. Garlic powder showed the strongest anti-
oxidant activity, and its activity was dose dependent (Table 4.6).
Antioxidant properties in garlic extracts are mostly attributed to the presence of
allicin, as antioxidant activity of allicin-free garlic extracts was much lower than
that of the garlic extracts [19]. Antioxidant mechanisms are believed to exert their
effects by blocking oxidative processes and free radicals that contribute to the caus-
ation of these chronic diseases [2, 17, 18]. Like the constituents of grapes, such as
catechins, flavonols, anthocyanins, and tannins [20], garlic is thought to possess
similar antioxidant activity.
86 4 Bioactive Phytocompounds and Products Traditionally Used in Japan
Table 4.6 Antioxidant activity of garlic, Japanese horseradish, Western horseradish,
and scallop extracts.
Specimen Concentration (mg mL–1) Comparative activity to BHA
(1 mg per 100 mL) (%)
Garlic 5 66.5
2.5 60.1
1.25 53.2
Japanese horseradish 5 56.0
2.5 23.0
1.25 22.2
Western horseradish 5 –28.6
2.5 –39.1
1.25 8.5
Scallop extracts 5 36.7
2.5 19.0
1.25 5.6
BHA, butylated hydroxyanisole.
Antioxidation is one of the most important mechanisms for preventing or delaying
the onset of major degenerative diseases [2]. Active oxygen (hydroxyl, peroxy radi-
cals, and single oxygen) is highly toxic and one of the strongest causative agents of
many diseases, including cancer, heart disease, cataracts, and cognitive disorder.
Antioxidants block the oxidation processes that contribute towards these chronic
diseases and delay the onset of degenerative diseases of aging [17, 18].
The antioxidative activity of garlic powder has been evaluated to compare it with
that of horseradish and shellfish extracts. Garlic powder showed the strongest anti-
oxidant activity, and its activity was dose dependent (Table 4.6).
Antioxidant properties in garlic extracts are mostly attributed to the presence of
allicin, as antioxidant activity of allicin-free garlic extracts was much lower than
that of the garlic extracts [19]. Antioxidant mechanisms are believed to exert their
effects by blocking oxidative processes and free radicals that contribute to the caus-
ation of these chronic diseases [2, 17, 18]. Like the constituents of grapes, such as
catechins, flavonols, anthocyanins, and tannins [20], garlic is thought to possess
similar antioxidant activity.
86 4 Bioactive Phytocompounds and Products Traditionally Used in Japan
Table 4.6 Antioxidant activity of garlic, Japanese horseradish, Western horseradish,
and scallop extracts.
Specimen Concentration (mg mL–1) Comparative activity to BHA
(1 mg per 100 mL) (%)
Garlic 5 66.5
2.5 60.1
1.25 53.2
Japanese horseradish 5 56.0
2.5 23.0
1.25 22.2
Western horseradish 5 –28.6
2.5 –39.1
1.25 8.5
Scallop extracts 5 36.7
2.5 19.0
1.25 5.6
BHA, butylated hydroxyanisole.
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