The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium is located in
Powell, Ohio, just a few minutes away from the
city of Columbus. It has been operating since
1927, and has become one of the most well-known
in the world, because of its variety of collections
and impressive habitats, and largely due to the
promotional efforts of its former director and
animal expert ‘Jungle’ Jack Hanna. Nearly 800
different species of animals are represented in the
zoo, with over 6000 animals.
. POST-READING
• If you had only a few hours to spend at the Columbus Zoo and could
pick just two of the habitats to visit, which would you choose, and why?
Discuss.
In the reptile habitat, the visitor will be greeted
by many exciting animals like snakes, turtles, and
lizards. The Columbus Zoo has a reputation for
being a world leader in reptile care. The zoo has
bred many species of reptiles that were at one time
endangered. It’s no surprise that the newest member
of the reptile family is a python called Fluffy. Fluffy
is said to be the largest snake in captivity anywhere
in the world. At 24 feet long, Fluffy is very long
indeed, and as thick as a tree! Fluffy has a pretty
healthy appetite, as he is fed two 10-pound rabbits a
week. He didn’t come cheap, either. The zoo paid a
handsome $35,000 for him.
In the area of the zoo called ‘Asia Quest’, visitors can
go through the pachyderm building, which is the
second largest indoor habitat of its kind in the whole
world, and the largest in North America. During
the summer, a part of the building leads to an
outdoor panoramic view of the elephants when they
are outside. In the exhibit, animals like the Asian
Elephant and Black Rhinoceros can be found. The
pachyderm building is so big that up to 10 elephants
and 4 rhinos can be held there at the same time.
In the ‘Shores’ region of the zoo, two of the most
popular habitats can be found: Discovery Reef,
and Manatee Coast. Together, the tanks in both
exhibits have around 300,000 gallons of water in
them. Discovery Reef is a large saltwater tank that
has over 100,000 gallons of water, in which you can
see many kinds of species of fish, sharks and turtles.
There is also a large live coral reef exhibit, which is
one of the largest of its kind in the US. In Manatee
Coast, visitors will be amazed by the impressive
manatee collection the zoo has to offer. This exhibit
is one of only three that exist outside Florida, and it
is covered with a roof that opens up so that it can be
visited all year.
In 1956, Colo, the world’s first gorilla to be born in
captivity, was born at the Columbus Zoo. Currently,
she is the third oldest gorilla in captivity, and she
makes her home in the African Forest region of the
zoo, where her habitat, ‘Gorillas in the Round’ is
wildly popular with zoo-goers. Of the 16 gorillas
living in the Columbus Zoo, 8 of them are related
to Colo. The zoo has become one of the most
important zoos in terms of breeding gorillas in
captivity, and over 30 have been born since Colo’s
birth in 1956.
Other regions in the zoo are: North America,
Australia, and the Islands of Southeast Asia. There
is also a special winter lights show, when some
habitats stay open during the winter. You can even
go ice-skating on the frozen pond! The Zoo is always
growing and creating exciting new additions. Plans
are now being made for new attractions that will be
opening within the next few years. They will include
places like the Polar Frontier, the African Savannah,
South/Central America, as well as a zoo-themed
water park, golf course, and hotel resort. Make sure
to plan your trip today!
Columbus
vocabulary & grammar
A. Look at the extract from the text on page 85 and
note the phrase in bold. Can you think of any other
phrases following the pattern preposition + word +
preposition?
VOCABULARY
1. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
1. Mr Anderson is in charge the Marketing
department.
2. behalf of the local Animal Welfare
Society, I would like to thank the Town Council for
their support.
3. Are you in favour banning cars from the
city centre?
4. The statue in front of the Town Hall was placed there
memory of the soldiers killed during
World War II.
5. Tom is very mature in comparison other
children of his age.
6. I’m not really in the mood Chinese food
today. Let’s order a pizza.
7. I am writing in connection the article
you published about environmental pollution.
8. The local residents have spoken out
support of the Save Blackwood Forest Organisation.
9. regard to the problem of rubbish disposal,
I think we should encourage people to recycle.
10. The coastline has been seriously polluted
a result of an oil spill.
threat solution description reason
damage specialist need
The zoo has become one of the most important zoos in terms
of breeding gorillas in captivity, ...
B. Complete the sentences below with the prepositions
in the box. You can use some prepositions more
than once.
1. I hope you have a good for being so
late.
2. Mr Adams is a in marine biology.
A. Complete the sentence below with the missing
prepositions. Look at paragraph B of the text on
page 85 to check your answers.
2. NOUNS + PREPOSITIONS
The Columbus Zoo has a reputation being a
world leader reptile care.
B. Complete the sentences with the nouns in the box.
3. There is a for more recycling bins
in our neighbourhood.
4. We are trying to find a to the
problem, but it will take time.
5. Is global warming really a to all life
on the planet?
6. Allowing large numbers of visitors into national parks
and wildlife reserves can cause to
the natural habitats of many animals.
7. The manager of the bank gave the police a
of the robber.
A. Look at the example below and read the note. Can
you find any other compound nouns in the text on
pages 84-85?
3. COMPOUND NOUNS
...due to the promotional efforts of its former director and
animal expert ‘Jungle’ Jack Hanna.
B. Match the nouns on the left with those on the right
to form compound nouns.
NOTE
‘Animal expert’ is a compound noun (a combination
of two nouns that function as one word). The first
noun defines the second one (e.g. an animal expert
is an expert on animals).
car fire
animal jam
traffic trail
forest park
nature rights
city town
home centre
C. Complete the sentences with compound nouns from
exercise B.
1. The local residents object to the plans for a multistorey
.
2. The hotel is located very conveniently in the
.
3. I was late for work because I got stuck in a(n)
.
4. We took a guided walk along a(n)
and saw some
lovely countryside.
5. organisations want
cosmetics companies to stop testing their products on
animals.
for in of to on as with
86
GRAMMAR
A. Look at the examples of the passive voice
from the text on page 85 and answer the
questions that follow.
a. Fluffy is said to be the largest snake in
captivity anywhere in the world.
• Who is probably the largest snake in
captivity?
• Who says so?
b. Plans are now being made for new attractions
that will be opening within the next few
years.
• Which of the two verbs in bold is in the
passive voice?
1. PASSIVE VOICE II
2. PRACTICE
Rewrite each of the following sentences in the Passive Voice
starting with the words given.
1. They say that Alex is one of the best biologists in the country.
It .
2. The zookeepers were feeding the baby elephants with special
care.
The baby .
3. They are building a new Natural History museum in our city.
A new .
4. The secretary offered me some coffee.
I .
5. They have made me wait for two hours already.
I .
6. People believe that Professor Swanson deserves a Nobel prize.
Professor Swanson .
7. I will send Mr Evans the e-mail after lunch.
The e-mail .
8. They made the children apologise to Mrs Trenton.
The children .
Read the text below and complete the gaps. Use only one
word in each gap.
ENGLISH IN USE
Grammar Reference pp. 138-139.
Recent years have seen not only an
increased interest (1)
the freshness of what we eat, but also
where the food was actually grown.
This is because ecologists have pointed out that the distance the
food (2) travelled to arrive at the supermarket
or greengrocer has an important influence (3)
the environment. The term ‘food miles’ was invented as a way
(4) measuring the distance a food has
(5) transported until it reaches the dining
table. For example, a shopper in London may (6)
prepared to pay a relatively high price for Japanese prawns that
have been caught and flown over on the same morning. However,
this badly damages the environment because the plane and the
lorry (7) have delivered the prawns have
polluted the environment. Research that has been carried out
(8) environmental groups has found that the
environmental cost of food transport is more (9)
15 million euros a year. Although ‘food miles’ make up only one
part of the total cost of food production, they should be taken
(10) consideration in any discussion on the
future of the world in which we live.
F D
MILES
B. Read the dialogues and answer the
questions that follow.
1. A: Did the company give Mr Watson a gold
pen when he retired?
B: No, he was given a gold watch.
• What are the two objects of the verb give
in the question?
• Which one is the direct object and which
one is the indirect object?
• Which of them is the subject of the passive
sentence in the answer?
2. A: Will they give all the students answer
sheets?
B: Yes, all the students will be given answer
sheets.
C: Yes, answer sheets will be given to all
the students.
• What are the two objects of the verb give
in the question?
• What’s the difference between answers B
and C?
3. A: Yesterday, Mr Jackson made us stay after
school until 5 o’clock as a punishment.
B: Well, you were lucky. Last week, we
were made to stay until 6 o’clock!
• Which of the two sentences is in the active
voice and which is in the passive voice?
• What is make followed by in the active
voice?
• What is make followed by in the passive
voice?
87
LISTENING
• Have you heard of any recent hurricanes?
• How destructive can a hurricane be?
• What can people do to protect themselves from a hurricane?
1. PRE-LISTENING
Discuss.
2. LISTENING FOR GIST
You will hear a radio interview with a meteorologist
about Hurricane Katrina. Which of the following topics
are mentioned?
3. LISTENING FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Listen to the interview again and answer the questions
1-6. Choose a, b or c.
DISCUSS
• A hurricane is one kind of natural disaster. What other
kinds of natural disasters do you know of? Are any of
them common in your country? What can people do to
protect themselves from them?
• What kind of support or help should be available
for victims of natural disasters? Who do you think
is responsible to provide this help, the government,
charities or individuals? Why do you think so?
• the origin of the hurricane
• what caused the hurricane
• the areas it struck
• the damage caused by the hurricane
• predictions about future hurricanes
listening & speaking
SPEAKING
1. What does John Soho say about a category five hurricane?
a. It happens often.
b. It does not have high winds.
c. It causes heavy flooding.
2. Where did Hurricane Katrina form?
a. over Florida
b. in Louisiana
c. over the Bahamas
3. Who stayed in football stadiums?
a. people who were leaving New Orleans
b. people who couldn’t leave New Orleans
c. all residents of New Orleans
4. What made people and animals sick?
a. beach erosion
b. damage to marshes
c. polluted water
5. The money needed to rebuild New Orleans comes from
a. abroad.
b. charity organisations only.
c. the US Government and various organisations.
6. What should you do when a hurricane arrives?
a. leave your house
b. stay in a room with no windows
c. close the windows
earthquake flood tornado tsunami
forest fire volcanic eruption
financial / medical help
live in safe homes
be well-informed
not panic
follow instructions from authorities
88
vocabulary & grammar
GRAMMAR
1. Although the storm weakened over land, it regained
hurricane status about one hour after entering the
Gulf of Mexico.
a. The storm regained hurricane status because it
weakened over land.
b. The storm weakened over land, but it regained
hurricane status.
2. In spite of the evacuation, many people could not
leave town.
a. The town was evacuated; however, many people
couldn’t leave.
b. Many people could not leave as a result of the
evacuation.
3. Despite what we may think, every little bit helps.
a. We think that every little bit helps and we’re right.
b. We don’t think that every little bit helps but we’re
wrong.
Use the correct form of the words in the boxes to
complete the sentences.
Powell, Ohio, just a few minutes away from the
city of Columbus. It has been operating since
1927, and has become one of the most well-known
in the world, because of its variety of collections
and impressive habitats, and largely due to the
promotional efforts of its former director and
animal expert ‘Jungle’ Jack Hanna. Nearly 800
different species of animals are represented in the
zoo, with over 6000 animals.
. POST-READING
• If you had only a few hours to spend at the Columbus Zoo and could
pick just two of the habitats to visit, which would you choose, and why?
Discuss.
In the reptile habitat, the visitor will be greeted
by many exciting animals like snakes, turtles, and
lizards. The Columbus Zoo has a reputation for
being a world leader in reptile care. The zoo has
bred many species of reptiles that were at one time
endangered. It’s no surprise that the newest member
of the reptile family is a python called Fluffy. Fluffy
is said to be the largest snake in captivity anywhere
in the world. At 24 feet long, Fluffy is very long
indeed, and as thick as a tree! Fluffy has a pretty
healthy appetite, as he is fed two 10-pound rabbits a
week. He didn’t come cheap, either. The zoo paid a
handsome $35,000 for him.
In the area of the zoo called ‘Asia Quest’, visitors can
go through the pachyderm building, which is the
second largest indoor habitat of its kind in the whole
world, and the largest in North America. During
the summer, a part of the building leads to an
outdoor panoramic view of the elephants when they
are outside. In the exhibit, animals like the Asian
Elephant and Black Rhinoceros can be found. The
pachyderm building is so big that up to 10 elephants
and 4 rhinos can be held there at the same time.
In the ‘Shores’ region of the zoo, two of the most
popular habitats can be found: Discovery Reef,
and Manatee Coast. Together, the tanks in both
exhibits have around 300,000 gallons of water in
them. Discovery Reef is a large saltwater tank that
has over 100,000 gallons of water, in which you can
see many kinds of species of fish, sharks and turtles.
There is also a large live coral reef exhibit, which is
one of the largest of its kind in the US. In Manatee
Coast, visitors will be amazed by the impressive
manatee collection the zoo has to offer. This exhibit
is one of only three that exist outside Florida, and it
is covered with a roof that opens up so that it can be
visited all year.
In 1956, Colo, the world’s first gorilla to be born in
captivity, was born at the Columbus Zoo. Currently,
she is the third oldest gorilla in captivity, and she
makes her home in the African Forest region of the
zoo, where her habitat, ‘Gorillas in the Round’ is
wildly popular with zoo-goers. Of the 16 gorillas
living in the Columbus Zoo, 8 of them are related
to Colo. The zoo has become one of the most
important zoos in terms of breeding gorillas in
captivity, and over 30 have been born since Colo’s
birth in 1956.
Other regions in the zoo are: North America,
Australia, and the Islands of Southeast Asia. There
is also a special winter lights show, when some
habitats stay open during the winter. You can even
go ice-skating on the frozen pond! The Zoo is always
growing and creating exciting new additions. Plans
are now being made for new attractions that will be
opening within the next few years. They will include
places like the Polar Frontier, the African Savannah,
South/Central America, as well as a zoo-themed
water park, golf course, and hotel resort. Make sure
to plan your trip today!
Columbus
vocabulary & grammar
A. Look at the extract from the text on page 85 and
note the phrase in bold. Can you think of any other
phrases following the pattern preposition + word +
preposition?
VOCABULARY
1. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
1. Mr Anderson is in charge the Marketing
department.
2. behalf of the local Animal Welfare
Society, I would like to thank the Town Council for
their support.
3. Are you in favour banning cars from the
city centre?
4. The statue in front of the Town Hall was placed there
memory of the soldiers killed during
World War II.
5. Tom is very mature in comparison other
children of his age.
6. I’m not really in the mood Chinese food
today. Let’s order a pizza.
7. I am writing in connection the article
you published about environmental pollution.
8. The local residents have spoken out
support of the Save Blackwood Forest Organisation.
9. regard to the problem of rubbish disposal,
I think we should encourage people to recycle.
10. The coastline has been seriously polluted
a result of an oil spill.
threat solution description reason
damage specialist need
The zoo has become one of the most important zoos in terms
of breeding gorillas in captivity, ...
B. Complete the sentences below with the prepositions
in the box. You can use some prepositions more
than once.
1. I hope you have a good for being so
late.
2. Mr Adams is a in marine biology.
A. Complete the sentence below with the missing
prepositions. Look at paragraph B of the text on
page 85 to check your answers.
2. NOUNS + PREPOSITIONS
The Columbus Zoo has a reputation being a
world leader reptile care.
B. Complete the sentences with the nouns in the box.
3. There is a for more recycling bins
in our neighbourhood.
4. We are trying to find a to the
problem, but it will take time.
5. Is global warming really a to all life
on the planet?
6. Allowing large numbers of visitors into national parks
and wildlife reserves can cause to
the natural habitats of many animals.
7. The manager of the bank gave the police a
of the robber.
A. Look at the example below and read the note. Can
you find any other compound nouns in the text on
pages 84-85?
3. COMPOUND NOUNS
...due to the promotional efforts of its former director and
animal expert ‘Jungle’ Jack Hanna.
B. Match the nouns on the left with those on the right
to form compound nouns.
NOTE
‘Animal expert’ is a compound noun (a combination
of two nouns that function as one word). The first
noun defines the second one (e.g. an animal expert
is an expert on animals).
car fire
animal jam
traffic trail
forest park
nature rights
city town
home centre
C. Complete the sentences with compound nouns from
exercise B.
1. The local residents object to the plans for a multistorey
.
2. The hotel is located very conveniently in the
.
3. I was late for work because I got stuck in a(n)
.
4. We took a guided walk along a(n)
and saw some
lovely countryside.
5. organisations want
cosmetics companies to stop testing their products on
animals.
for in of to on as with
86
GRAMMAR
A. Look at the examples of the passive voice
from the text on page 85 and answer the
questions that follow.
a. Fluffy is said to be the largest snake in
captivity anywhere in the world.
• Who is probably the largest snake in
captivity?
• Who says so?
b. Plans are now being made for new attractions
that will be opening within the next few
years.
• Which of the two verbs in bold is in the
passive voice?
1. PASSIVE VOICE II
2. PRACTICE
Rewrite each of the following sentences in the Passive Voice
starting with the words given.
1. They say that Alex is one of the best biologists in the country.
It .
2. The zookeepers were feeding the baby elephants with special
care.
The baby .
3. They are building a new Natural History museum in our city.
A new .
4. The secretary offered me some coffee.
I .
5. They have made me wait for two hours already.
I .
6. People believe that Professor Swanson deserves a Nobel prize.
Professor Swanson .
7. I will send Mr Evans the e-mail after lunch.
The e-mail .
8. They made the children apologise to Mrs Trenton.
The children .
Read the text below and complete the gaps. Use only one
word in each gap.
ENGLISH IN USE
Grammar Reference pp. 138-139.
Recent years have seen not only an
increased interest (1)
the freshness of what we eat, but also
where the food was actually grown.
This is because ecologists have pointed out that the distance the
food (2) travelled to arrive at the supermarket
or greengrocer has an important influence (3)
the environment. The term ‘food miles’ was invented as a way
(4) measuring the distance a food has
(5) transported until it reaches the dining
table. For example, a shopper in London may (6)
prepared to pay a relatively high price for Japanese prawns that
have been caught and flown over on the same morning. However,
this badly damages the environment because the plane and the
lorry (7) have delivered the prawns have
polluted the environment. Research that has been carried out
(8) environmental groups has found that the
environmental cost of food transport is more (9)
15 million euros a year. Although ‘food miles’ make up only one
part of the total cost of food production, they should be taken
(10) consideration in any discussion on the
future of the world in which we live.
F D
MILES
B. Read the dialogues and answer the
questions that follow.
1. A: Did the company give Mr Watson a gold
pen when he retired?
B: No, he was given a gold watch.
• What are the two objects of the verb give
in the question?
• Which one is the direct object and which
one is the indirect object?
• Which of them is the subject of the passive
sentence in the answer?
2. A: Will they give all the students answer
sheets?
B: Yes, all the students will be given answer
sheets.
C: Yes, answer sheets will be given to all
the students.
• What are the two objects of the verb give
in the question?
• What’s the difference between answers B
and C?
3. A: Yesterday, Mr Jackson made us stay after
school until 5 o’clock as a punishment.
B: Well, you were lucky. Last week, we
were made to stay until 6 o’clock!
• Which of the two sentences is in the active
voice and which is in the passive voice?
• What is make followed by in the active
voice?
• What is make followed by in the passive
voice?
87
LISTENING
• Have you heard of any recent hurricanes?
• How destructive can a hurricane be?
• What can people do to protect themselves from a hurricane?
1. PRE-LISTENING
Discuss.
2. LISTENING FOR GIST
You will hear a radio interview with a meteorologist
about Hurricane Katrina. Which of the following topics
are mentioned?
3. LISTENING FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Listen to the interview again and answer the questions
1-6. Choose a, b or c.
DISCUSS
• A hurricane is one kind of natural disaster. What other
kinds of natural disasters do you know of? Are any of
them common in your country? What can people do to
protect themselves from them?
• What kind of support or help should be available
for victims of natural disasters? Who do you think
is responsible to provide this help, the government,
charities or individuals? Why do you think so?
• the origin of the hurricane
• what caused the hurricane
• the areas it struck
• the damage caused by the hurricane
• predictions about future hurricanes
listening & speaking
SPEAKING
1. What does John Soho say about a category five hurricane?
a. It happens often.
b. It does not have high winds.
c. It causes heavy flooding.
2. Where did Hurricane Katrina form?
a. over Florida
b. in Louisiana
c. over the Bahamas
3. Who stayed in football stadiums?
a. people who were leaving New Orleans
b. people who couldn’t leave New Orleans
c. all residents of New Orleans
4. What made people and animals sick?
a. beach erosion
b. damage to marshes
c. polluted water
5. The money needed to rebuild New Orleans comes from
a. abroad.
b. charity organisations only.
c. the US Government and various organisations.
6. What should you do when a hurricane arrives?
a. leave your house
b. stay in a room with no windows
c. close the windows
earthquake flood tornado tsunami
forest fire volcanic eruption
financial / medical help
live in safe homes
be well-informed
not panic
follow instructions from authorities
88
vocabulary & grammar
GRAMMAR
1. Although the storm weakened over land, it regained
hurricane status about one hour after entering the
Gulf of Mexico.
a. The storm regained hurricane status because it
weakened over land.
b. The storm weakened over land, but it regained
hurricane status.
2. In spite of the evacuation, many people could not
leave town.
a. The town was evacuated; however, many people
couldn’t leave.
b. Many people could not leave as a result of the
evacuation.
3. Despite what we may think, every little bit helps.
a. We think that every little bit helps and we’re right.
b. We don’t think that every little bit helps but we’re
wrong.
Use the correct form of the words in the boxes to
complete the sentences.
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